Most scientific of humanities and most human of social sciences. - M Wolf
Modern Anthropology has its roots from enlightenment Era like Immanuel Kant - Anthropology from pragmatic point of view 1798.
Evolve from studying tribals and primitive societies by Tyler and Morgan towards language archaeology culture and physical anthropology.
Anthropology is holistic study of man in space and time. Herskovitz - study of man (organic human being) and his works (culture).
Physical. Studies biological aspects of man, apes and evolution by studying fossils, genetics, blood group, anthropometric details. Today uses advanced technology of MT DNA, dermatoglyphics, DNA analysis to study humans. J Hawks, Jane Goodall.
Biological. J Hawks
Forensic. C snow.
Primatology. Goodall
Population genetics. D Reich.
Human ecology. J Steward.
Archaeology. Studies artefacts of the past to understand their culture and human evolution. Shifted from just explaining towards understanding and reconstructing the past. Uses tool analysis, dating technique, palynology, spatial analysis to understand human and ecosystem relationship of past. Louis Leakey. DuBois.
Prehistoric. Leakey
Historic. K Fedder
Ethnoarchaeology. Reddy
Maritime archaeology.
Industrial.
Linguistic. Study of human language - phonetics, morphemes, syntax. Influenced by works of saussere and chomsky. Levi Strauss Edmund leach used linguistic analysis to study culture. Studies influence of culture on language and vice versa.
Structural linguistics
Historical linguistics
Sociolinguistics
Ethno semantics
Cognitive
Cultural anthropology. Ethnology. comparative study of human societies including primitive civilized and historic. Focus on kinship marriage religion family economy. Now expanding to social media technology and urbanization effect on humans society. Boaz, Ruth Benedict.